History Channel Conquest
Find out more about the history of Cleopatra, including videos, interesting articles, pictures, historical features and more. Get all the facts on HISTORY. Discover facts about the Normans and their conquest of Britain. Read the story behind the Battle of Hastings and the Domesday Book. History Channel Conquest Of IncasList of programs broadcast by History TV channelThis is an incomplete list of television programs formerly or currently broadcast by HistoryH2 in the United States. Current programmingeditScripted dramaeditRealityeditGame showeditUpcoming programmingeditKnightfall 2. I/51QunRReg4L.jpg' alt='History Channel Conquest Of The Incas' title='History Channel Conquest Of The Incas' />History Channel Conquest Of AmericaBlue Book TBA1The Commanders TBA2Harlem Hellfighters TBA3Untitled Anti Hero Anthology Series TBA4Former programmingedit1. Days That Unexpectedly Changed America. Things You Dont Know About. Fast Foods That Changed The World51. Gadgets That Changed The World61. 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Norman Conquest British history. Norman Conquest. British history. Norman Conquest, the military conquest of England by William, duke of Normandy, primarily effected by his decisive victory at the Battle of Hastings Oct. British Isles. Invasion of England. The conquest was the final act of a complicated drama that had begun years earlier, in the reign of Edward the Confessor, last king of the Anglo Saxon royal line. Edward, who had almost certainly designated William as his successor in 1. Harold Godwineson, later Harold II, the powerful earl of Wessex. The exiled Tostig, who was Harolds brother, and Harald III Hardraade, king of Norway, also had designs on the throne and threatened invasion. Amid this welter of conflicting claims, Edward from his deathbed named Harold his successor on Jan. Harold was crowned king the following day. However, Harolds position was compromised, according to the Bayeux Tapestry and other Norman sources, because in 1. Williams presence, to defend Williams right to the throne. Read More on This Topic. United Kingdom The reign of Edward the Confessor and the Norman Conquest. It is easy to regard the years of Edwards rule simply as a prelude to the catastrophe of 1. Harrying caused by political disturbances or by incursions of the Scots or Welsh was only occasional and localized friendly relations were usually maintained with Malcolm of Scotland, whom Earl Siward of Northumbria had supported against Macbeth in 1. READ MOREFrom almost the beginning of his reign, Harold faced challenges to his authority. Tostig began raiding the southern and eastern coasts of England in May, eventually joining forces with Harald III. Harold was able to keep his militia on guard throughout the summer but dismissed it early in September, when he ran out of supplies and his peasant soldiers needed to return to their fields for the harvest. This left the south without defenses, exposing it to invasion by William. Before William arrived, however, Harald III and Tostig invaded in the north Harold hastened to Yorkshire, where at Stamford Bridge September 2. Harald III and Tostig perished. Meanwhile, on the Continent, William had secured support for his invasion from both the Norman aristocracy and the papacy. By August 1. 06. 6 he had assembled a force of 4,0. Finally, on September 2. Harold was occupied in the north, the winds changed, and William crossed the Channel immediately. Landing in Pevensey on September 2. Hastings. Harold, hurrying southward with about 7,0. Hastings on October 1. Surprised by William at dawn on October 1. Harold drew up his army on a ridge 1. Harolds wall of highly trained infantry held firm in the face of Williams mounted assault failing to breach the English lines and panicked by the rumour of Williams death, the Norman cavalry fled in disorder. But William, removing his helmet to show he was alive, rallied his troops, who turned and killed many English soldiers. As the battle continued, the English were gradually worn down late in the afternoon, Harold was killed by an arrow in the eye, according to the Bayeux Tapestry, and by nightfall the remaining English had scattered and fled. William then made a sweeping advance to isolate London, and at Berkhamstead the major English leaders submitted to him. He was crowned in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day, 1. Sporadic indigenous revolts continued until 1. Northumbria 1. 06. William himself, who then devastated vast tracts of the north. The subjection of the country was completed by the rapid building of a great number of castles. Consequences of the conquest. Test Your Knowledge. History Buff Quiz. The extent and desirability of the changes brought about by the conquest have long been disputed by historians. Certainly, in political terms, Williams victory destroyed Englands links with Scandinavia, bringing the country instead into close contact with the Continent, especially France. Inside England the most radical change was the introduction of land tenure and military service. While tenure of land in return for services had existed in England before the conquest, William revolutionized the upper ranks of English society by dividing the country among about 1. Norman tenants in chief and innumerable mesne intermediate tenants, all holding their fiefs by knight service. The result, the almost total replacement of the English aristocracy with a Norman one, was paralleled by similar changes of personnel among the upper clergy and administrative officers. Anglo Saxon England had developed a highly organized central and local government and an effective judicial system see. Anglo Saxon law. All these were retained and utilized by William, whose coronation oath showed his intention of continuing in the English royal tradition. The old administrative divisions were not superseded by the new fiefs, nor did feudal justice normally usurp the customary jurisdiction of shire and hundred courts. In them and in the kings court, the common law of England continued to be administered. Innovations included the new but restricted body of forest law and the introduction in criminal cases of the Norman trial by combat alongside the old Saxon ordeals. Increasing use was made of the inquest procedurethe sworn testimony of neighbours, both for administrative purposes and in judicial cases. A major change was Williams removal of ecclesiastical cases from the secular courts, which allowed the subsequent introduction into England of the then rapidly growing canon law. William also transformed the structure and character of the church in England. He replaced all the Anglo Saxon bishops, except Wulfstan of Dorchester, with Norman bishops. Most notably, he secured the deposition of Stigand, the archbishop of Canterburywho held his see irregularly and had probably been excommunicated by Pope Leo IXand appointed in his place Lanfranc of Bec, a respected scholar and one of Williams close advisers. Seeking to impose a more orderly structure on the English episcopacy, the king supported Lanfrancs claims for the primacy of Canterbury in the English church. William also presided over a number of church councils, which were held far more frequently than under his predecessors, and introduced legislation against simony the selling of clerical offices and clerical marriage. A supporter of monastic reform while duke of Normandy, William introduced the latest reforming trends to England by replacing Anglo Saxon abbots with Norman ones and by importing numerous monks. Although he founded only a small number of monasteries, including Battle Abbey in honour of his victory at Hastings, Williams other measures contributed to the quickening of monastic life in England. Britannica Lists Quizzes. Probably the most regrettable effect of the conquest was the total eclipse of the English vernacular as the language of literature, law, and administration. Superseded in official documents and other records by Latin and then increasingly in all areas by Anglo Norman, written English hardly reappeared until the 1.